As we get older, our bodies naturally change—and our hands are no exception. One common change many people notice is the development of hard, bony bumps on the joints closest to the fingertips. These bumps may begin on one finger and gradually appear on others, sometimes making everyday activities like buttoning clothes, gripping objects, or opening jars more difficult.

These hard bumps are often called Heberden’s nodes, and they are commonly associated with osteoarthritis. They develop at the joints nearest the fingernails as changes occur in the cartilage and bone within the joint. Unlike soft swelling, Heberden’s nodes are bony enlargements and usually feel firm or hard. Osteoarthritis can progress gradually, so additional finger joints may become affected over time. Aging, genetics, previous injuries, and other factors can increase the likelihood of hand osteoarthritis. But hard or swollen finger joints can have other causes too, making certain symptoms especially important to recognize.