This condition, often called edema, occurs when excess fluid collects in the tissues of the lower legs and feet. As the body ages, circulation may become less efficient, making fluid retention more likely. When blood flow slows, fluid can accumulate in the feet and ankles, leading to visible swelling and discomfort.

One common cause is poor circulation, especially among people who remain seated or standing for long periods. Another possible reason is chronic venous insufficiency, a condition in which leg veins struggle to return blood to the heart. This can lead to swelling, discomfort, and sometimes skin changes around the ankles.

Certain medications may also cause swelling as a side effect. Drugs used to treat conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, or inflammation may contribute to fluid retention. In some situations, swollen feet can be linked to more serious health problems including heart, kidney, or liver disease.

Lifestyle habits may also play a role. Limited physical activity can slow circulation and increase fluid buildup. Long periods of sitting, such as during travel, can worsen swelling. Diet is another factor, as consuming too much salt can cause the body to retain water, increasing swelling in the feet and ankles.

Fortunately, several simple strategies can help prevent or reduce swelling. Regular movement, elevating the feet, wearing supportive shoes, and using compression socks can improve circulation. Maintaining a balanced diet with less sodium and more potassium-rich foods can also support healthy fluid balance and help older adults maintain comfortable, healthy feet.